Gesellschaft



F. SCHLETH.

APPARATUS FOR TESTING THE SIGHTING DEVICE 0F ORDNANCE.

' APPLICATION FILED SEPT. s, 1920.

1,400,772 Patented Dec. 20, 1921.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I.

F. SCHLETH. APPARATUS FOR TESTING THE SIGHTING DEVICE 0F ORDNANCE.

7 APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 8,1920.

1,400,772 -Pauenized. Dec. 20, 1.

4 SHEETSSH s v Q A Il-Ilgllfik I; viii W lfillllllllllllllllm 1 ill 3,3 Q. 3 [I c a A C 1 0/J/ E s/HM iii/9779 F. SCHLETH.

APPARATUS FOR TESTING THE SIGHTING DEVICE 0F ORDNANCE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. a, 1920.

1,400,772 Patented Dec. 20, 1921..

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

F. SUHLETH.

APPARATUS FOR TESTING THE SIGHTING DEVICE 0F ORDNANCE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. a, 1920.

1,400,772. Patented Dec. 20, 1921.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ramnnrcrr scnnnrn, or ESSEN, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR 'ro FRIED. KRUPP AKTIEN. GESELLSCHAFT, or ESSEN-ON-THE-RUHR, GERMANY.

APPARATUS FOR TESTING THE SIGHTING DEVICE OF ORDNANCE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patent d D 20 1921 Application filed September 8, 1920. Serial No. 408,997.

To all whom it may concewt:

Be it knownthat I, FRIEDRICH SoHLE'rH, residing at nissen, Germany, a citizen of the German Republic, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Apparatus for Testing the Sighting Device of Ordnance, (for which I'have filed an applica tion in Germany Aug. 10, 1918,) of which the following. is a specification.

This invention refers to an apparatus for testing the sighting device of ordnance, the distinguishing feature of which is, that even in very confined limits of space as on board ships, for example, it enables a test to beconveniently carried out and furthermore is independent of any movement of the gun mounting.

The invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which- Figure 1 is a-side elevation of the gun provided with the apparatus for testing the sighting device,

Fig. 2 is the one half of the plan view correspondin to Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a ront elevation, partially in section on the line 33 of Fig. 1, and on a larger scale,

Fig. dis a section on the line 14 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrow,

Fig. 5 is a section on the. line 5-5 of Fig. 4 looking from the left,-

Fig. 6 is a section on the 3 looking from the left,

Fig. 7 is the side elevation. corresponding to Fig. 6 and on the same scale as Figs; 1 to 3,

Fig; 8 is a portion of Fig. 1 with the alteration that a portion of the sighting device is replaced by another part,

- Fig. 9 is an end view of this part looking line 66 of Fig.

' in the direction of the arrow y in Fig. 8 and arm D This latter is pivotally mounted on the cradle B by means of a pin d arranged parallel with the trunnion b The angle of the attachment, which corresponds to the range, is adjusted by means of a shaft E, provlded with a hand wheel a and carrymg a worm e and mounted in a casing b situated on the cradle (see particularly Figs. 4 and 5). The worm 6 gears with a worm wheel F, whlch is fixed on a shaft F carried in the casing 6 This shaft F carries on one end a spur wheel F which gears into a senes of teeth (Z cut on the attachment bar D and on its other end a graduated disk F which is inscribed with a graduatlon corresponding to the angle of the attachment and is visible through a window b in the casing b and provided with a readmg oif mark 6 The arm D is provided with a pin d arranged at right angles to the pin 01 and about which an arm G carrying a sighting telescope G (the sighting means) rotates. The sighting telescope G is mounted on a guide 9 provided with a dovetail groove and mounted on the arm G into which groove a sllding piece 9 mounted on the caslng of the telescope can be pushed. The arm 1 carries on its free end a toothed sector 9 (see particularly Fig. 2), which engages a worm H, serving for the adjustment of the lateral movement and is mounted on the arm D and can be rotated by means of the hand wheel 78. The lateral movement is read off on a graduation arranged on the sector 9 (see Fig. 2) and a mark d on the bearing of the worm H. So far the apparatus is known and does not form part of the present invention.

According to the present invention there is provided an auxiliary telescope J, a holder, which serves for the mounting of the auxiliary telescope on the gun carriage and a collimator K (see Fig. 8) together with the corresponding bearing M. The holder provided for the auxiliary telescope J consists substantially of a head piece N with the necessary parts for the mounting and adjustment of the auxiliary telescope, a foot piece N attached to the gun carriage by means of a screw bolt 0 and three members N N N pivotally connected to each other and establishing connection between the head piece and the foot piece.

The member N is pivotally connected to the foot piece N by means of a pin n, the axis of which, when the foot piece is attached to the gun carriage is substantially vertical and can be locked in any angular position'relatively to the foot piece by means of a nut n screwed on toa screw-threaded portion of the pin n The tubular-shaped member N is connected to the member N by a pivot bolt n", the axis of which is at n ht angles with the axis of the pin n and which can be locked in any desired angular position relatively to the member N by a wing nut n screwed on to screw-threaded portion of the bolt n". The member N is also made of tubular shape and connected to the member N by a pivot bolt n lying parallel with the bolt n and carr ing a wing {)lllt n", which serves to secure t e two memers.

Into the tubular member N which is provided with longitudinal slots n at its upper end, is pushed the head piece N by means of a tubular stem n rigidly attached thereto (see Figs. 6 and 7), so as to be capable of being withdrawn being locked at a suitable height by means of a clamping band 11, surrounding the slit portion of the tubular member N In the head piece N a plate P is mounted by means of a ball and socket joint p carried on a cylindrical stem 2 which is adjustable as may be desired by means of three set screws n arranged on the head piece N and placed at an angle of 120 to each other. Upon the plate P lies a sleeve Q. which is rotatably connected therewith by means of .a pin 9 lying co-axially with the cylindrical stem 9 (see Fig. 6). The sleeve Q is provided on its face at one end with two hearing eyes 9 which lie on both sides of an arm 29 arranged on the plate B and each of which receives a set screw 9 which is adapted to bear with its free end against the arm 19 The sleeve Q can therefore be rotated by a certain amount by means of the set screws 9 on the plate B with great accuracy in all directions. In the sleeve Q, a bearing sleeve R is rotatable by means of the set screws arranged thereon, which is intended for the reception of the auxiliary telescope J.

The auxiliary telescope J,"which is provided with a pair of cross wires 2' (see Fig.

10) is capable of being rotated in the bearin sleeve R with slight friction and the axis of rotation of which coincides with the optical. axis of the telescope and at the same time also with the axis about which the bearing sleeve R rotates, when an adjustment relatively to the sleeve Q, is made by means of the set screws l The bearing M provided for the collimator K (see Fig. 8) is formed with dovetailshaped guide ribs m which fit into the gi'ooves 1n the guide 9 so that the bearing can be pushed into the guide 9 instead of the sliding piece 9 carrying the telescope G. In the bearing M a sleeve-T can be moved by means of two set screws m (see Fi s. 8 and 9) arranged thereon, which sleeve 1 is intended for the reception of the collimator. The collimator K, which is rovided with a pair of cross wires in (see ig. 10) and an angle graduation k along one of the members o the cross 'wires, can be rotated with slight friction in the sleeve T, the axis of rotation coinciding with an optical axis and at the same time also with the axis about which the sleeve T rotates, when an ad'ustment is made relatively to the bearing by means of the set screws m The arrangement is so devised that the optical axis of the collimator falls in the same straight line with thatwhich the sighting line of the sighting telescope G registers, before the bearing M is pushed into the guide 9 By means of the above described arrangement it can be tested whether (1) The axis of the pin (1 (see Fig. 2(3), about which the sighting telescope 1 swings, when the attachment angle is adjusted by turning the hand wheel 6 is parallel with the axis of the trunnions,

(2) the axis of the pind, about which the sighting telescope Gr swings, when the adjustment of the lateral movement is made by turning the hand wheel It forms a right angle with the axis of the trunnions, whether (3) the correct attachment angle is indicated on the-graduation f and (4) whether the correct lateral movements are indicated on the graduation 9 see Fig. 2.

To carry out the testing operation, the sighting device is first adjusted at any desired elevation of the gun barrel by means of the hand wheels e and b so that the sighting line is parallel with the longitudinal axis of the gun'barrel. This adjustment is effected in the well known manner, which will not be further described here.

After the sighting telescope G has been set parallel with the longitudinal axis of the gun, the foot piece N of the holder Q, P, N N N N*, N for the auxiliary telescope J is attached to the n carriage and the auxiliary telescope pushed into the bearing sleeve R. The holder Q, P, N, N N N*, N is now so adjusted by the eye that the optical axis of the auxiliary telescope J coincides approximately with the sighting line of the telescope G and the parts of the holder N N, N and N locked relatively toeach other by tightening up the screw nuts n, the wing nuts n and n and the clamping band a.

The sighting telescope G is next drawn out of the guide 9 and the auxiliary telescope J is so adjusted by means of the set screws n and g in the same position as the sighting telescope was previously, so. that its optical axis is parallel with the longitudinal axis of the gun. Finally the bearing M for the collimator K (see Fig. 8) after it has been pushed into the sleeve T is set in position with its guide ribs m into the guide 9 The axis of the collimator K is situated in the sameposition, which the sighting line of the sighting telescope Gr previously as sumed and is therefore parallel with the axis of the auxiliary telescope. Moreover the said axis coincides with the sighting line of the telescope G or diverges very little therefrom. In the field of view of the auxiliary telescope J the middle point i of the cross wires 5 must therefore coincide with the middle point k of the cross wires 10 of the collimator (see Fig. 10, where the cross wires are shown in a position, in which their middle points do not coincide) as 'for this purpose-there need only be parallelism of the optical axis and a slight mutual divergence of the two axes, which may be present, is of no importance. The testing ofthe sighting device can now begin as regards the points enumerated under headings '1 to 4.

In order to test whether according to heading 1, the axis of the pin 01 occupies the correct position, the sighting device is adjusted to as large an attachment angle as is possible the middle point 10 of the cross wires of the collimator K vanishing out of the field of view of the auxiliary telescope J. The breech end of the gun barrel is then elevated by an elevating gear (not shown) to such an extent, that the optical axis of the collimator K is set again as accurately as possible in its original position. As the height to which the axis of the collimator is brought under these circumstances, can only differ by a small amount from its original height, the middle point of the cross wires of the collimator again appear in the field of view of the auxiliary telescope J. If the axis of the pin d is parallel with the axis of the trunnions, then the middle point 7: of the cross wires 76 of the collimator must again coincide with the middle point i of the cross wires If the middle points i and k show a lateral divergence, as is assumed in Fig. 10, this is a proof that the axis of the pin d is not parallel with the axis of trunnions and so the mounting of the pin must be corrected.

After it has been ascertained that the pin (Z is in the right position, then follows according to heading 2, the testing of the position of the pin (Z about which the sighting telescope Gr rotates, when the lateral movement is adjusted. For this purpose the collimator, which is pushed into the sleeve T and in angular position relatively thereto (see Figs. 8 and 9), is so adjusted, that its cross wires k receive the correct angular position with relation to the axis of the must remain on the limb of the cross wires 76 of the collimator, which runs from the bottom to the top, when an alteration in the attachment angle is made by turning the hand wheel e If this be not the case the sleeve T together with the collimator K is rotated by such an amount by means of the set screws m (see Figs. 8 and 9) that, when an alteration of the attachment angle is made, the point i no longer diverges from the limb of the cross wires, which runs from the bottom to the top. After the cross wires have been adjusted in the manner described and the collimator K so adjusted, that the points 70 and i coincide, as large a lateral adjustment as possible is imparted by turning the hand wheel 72. If, when this is done the point 11 remains on'the limb of the cross wires [0 which runs from the right to the left, the pin is in the correct position, that is to say, its axis forms a right angle with the axis of the pin d otherwise the position of the axis of the pin must be correspondingly corrected.

Now follows according to heading 3 the testing of the graduation f of the sighting device, which corresponds to the attachment angle. In this case let it be assumed, that the cross wires 70 have been previously so adjusted, that the-limb provided with the graduation it? runs from the bottom tothe top. If a certain attachment angle be adjusted by means of the hand wheel 6 the middle point 71 of the cross wires 6 indicates a certain attachment angle on the graduation 70 If the graduation f to betested is correct, the reading off mark 6 of the sighting device must coincide with a point on the graduation 7, which corresponds to the same attachmentangle otherwise correction is necessary.

Finally in order to test the graduation 9 corresponding to the lateral movement accordin to heading 4 (see Fig. 2) the collimator is first again so adjusted, that the middle point 70 of the cross wires coincides with the middle point i of the cross wires 5 Then by means of theset screw 9 the sleeve R together with the telescope J is rotated by such an amount, that the cross wires '5 coincides with the cross wires 10. Also the collimator is rotated in the sleeve T by the eye through about 90 and then by making use of the set screw m (see Figs. 8 and 9) so adjusted, that the limb of the cross wires provided with the graduation [c coincides with the limb of the cross wires 2' of the auxiliary telescope J running from right to left. By means of the hand wheel 72. a certain lateral movement is-next ad usted on the graduation 9 (see Fig. 2). If the graduation g is correct, the middle point i of the cross wires 71 must indicate on the graduation k the same angle as the mark (Z on the graduation 9, otherwise a correction is re ulred.

r s can be seen at once, it would also be possible without materially modifying the invention, to so devise the arrangement, that the collimator K and the auxiliary telescope are interchangeable so that instead of the auxiliary telescope the collimator can" be pushed into the sleeve R and the collimator pushed into the sleeve T'instead of the auxiliary telescope. Again, when the arrangement isused with the collimator which is pushed into the sleeve T thesighting telescope G might also be used instead of the auxiliary telescope J.

The method of testing described with reference to the drawing is specially advantageous in that the auxiliary telescope J remains permanently in position .during the testing and therefore the fine adjustment 1mparted to the sleeve Q by the set screws n and 9 cannot be wasted b the withdrawal of the auxiliary telescope rom the sleeve .R and the pushing in of the collimator.

Claims:

1. An arrangement for testing the sighting apparatus of ordnance having a gun barrel, a gun carriage and sighting telescope said arrangement comprising an auxiliary telescope? means for mounting said auxiliary telescope on said gun carriage for angular adjustment to position its optical axis parallel with the longitudinal axis of the gun barrel and adjacent the sighting line of the sighting telescope when the latter is similarly adjusted.

2. An arrangement for testing the sighting apparatus of ordnance having a gun a barrel, a gun carriage and sighting telescope,

said arrangement comprising an auxiliary telescope, a holder therefor, said holder being formed of sections adjustabl united, whereby the optical axis of the auxiliary telescope may be adjusted parallel with the' longitudinal axis of the gun barrel and adjacent the sighting line of the sighting telescope when the latter is similarly ad usted.

3. An arrangement for testing sightin apparatus of ordnance having a gun barre a gun carriage and sighting telescope, said arrangement comprising an auxiliary telescope, a holder for said\ auxiliary telescope, means for detachably mounting said. holder to the gun carriage, said holder being formed--- of sections united to permit angular-adjust-l' ment with respect to one another, a bearing sleeve rotatably carried by said holder'for receiving said auxiliary telescope, the axis of rotatlonofwhich lies 'in the same direction as the optical axis of the auxiliary telescope, substantially as and for the purpose described.

4. An arrangement for testing the sight- 5. An arrangement for testing the sight ing apparatus of ordnance having a gun barrel, a gun carriage, a sighting means and a sighting means carrier, said arrangement comprising an auxiliary telescope, an adjustable liolder for said auxiliary telescope, means for mounting said holder on the gun carriage, means removably supporting said sighting means on said sighting means carrier, a collimator, said collimator adapted to replace said sighting means, substantially as described.

6. An arrangement for testing the sighting apparatus of ordnance having a gun barrel, a carriage therefor, a sighting means and a sighting means carrier, said arrangement-comprising an auxiliary telescope, an adjustable holder for supporting said auxiliary telescope, means for mounting said holder on said carriage, said sighting means being removably supported on said sighting means carrier, a collimator, a holder for said collimater, a rotatable bearing for mounting said collimator upon said holder, said collimator being adapted to replace the removable sightings means.

7. An arrangement for testing the sighting apparatus of ordnance having a gun barrel and a gun carriage, said apparatus being adjustably mounted on the gun barrel for establishing a sighting line, said arrangement comprising an auxiliary optical 1nstrument having cross wires for fixing its optical axis in said-sighting line and means for mountin said auxiliary optical instrument on sai gun carriage for angular adjustment to position its optical axis parallel with the longitudinal axis of the gun barrel adjusted to a suitable elevation and adjacent the sighting line of the sighting apparaing apparatus of ordnance having a gun barrel and a gun carriage, said apparatus being adjustably mounted on the gun barrel ,for establishing a sighting line, said arrangement comprising an auxiliary optical instrument having cross wires for fixin its optical axis in said sighting line, a ho der for said auxiliary optical instrument de tachably mounted on the gun carriage, a bearing sleeve rotatably carried by said holder for receiving said auxiliary optical instrument, the axis of rotation of which lies in the same direction as the optical axis of the auxiliary optical instrument, and means for adjusting said auxiliary optical instrument relatively to the gun carriage to position its optical axis parallel with the longitudinal axis of the gun barrel adjusted to a suitable elevation and adjacent the sighting line of the sighting apparatus when the latter is similarly adjusted.

9. An arrangement for'testing the sighting apparatus of ordnance having a gun barrel, a gun carriage, a sighting means for establishing a sighting line, a carrier therefor on which said sighting means is detachably mounted, means for angularly adjusting the sighting line of the sighting apparatus relatively to the gun barrel and a scale for indicating the angular adjustment imparted to the sighting line, said arrangement comprising an auxiliary optical instrument having cross wires for fixing its optical axis in said sighting line, a holder for said auxiliary optic-a1 instrument detachably mounted on the gun carriage, means for adjusting said auxiliary optical instrument relatively to the gun carriage to position its optical axis parallel with the longitudinal axis of the gun barrel adjusted to a suitable elevation and adjacent the sighting line of the sighting apparatus when the latter is similarly adjusted, and a second optical instrument, one of said optical instruments being a collimator having a scale corresponding to the scale of the sighting apparatus and the other being a telescope having cross wires for fixing its optical axis and; one of said optical instruments being detachably mounted on the carrier of the sighting apparatus.

10. An arrangement for testing the sighting apparatus of ordnance having a gun barrel, a gun carriage, a sighting means for establishing a sighting line, a carrier therefor on which said sighting means is detachably mounted, means for angularly adjusting the sighting line of the sighting apparatus relatively to the gun barrel and a scale for indicating the angular adjustment imparted to the sighting line, said arrangement comprising an auxiliary telescope having cross wires for fixing its si hting line in the first mentioned sighting hne, a holder for said auxiliary telescope detachably mounted on the gun carriage, means for adjusting said auxiliary telescope relatively to the gun carriage to position its sighting line parallel with the longitudinal axis of the gun barrel adjusted to a suitable elevation and adjacent the sighting line of the sighting apparatus when the latter is similarly adjusted, and a collimator having a scale corresponding to the scale of the sighting apparatus, said collimator being detachably mounted on the carrier provided for said detachable sighting means to replace the sighting means.

11. An arrangement for testing the sighting apparatus of ordnance having a gun barrel, a gun carriage, a sighting means for establishing a sighting line, a carrier therefor on which said sighting means is detach ably mounted, means for angularly adjusting the sighting line of the sighting apparatus relatively to the gun barrel and a scale for indicating the angular adjustment imparted to the sighting line, said arrangement comprising an auxiliary telescope having cross wires for fixing its sighting line in said first mentioned sighting line, a holder for said auxiliary telescope detachabliy mounted on the guncarriage, means for a justing said auxiliary telescope relatively to the gun carriage to position its sighting line parallel with the longitudinal axis of the gun barrel adjusted to a suitable elevation and adjacent the sighting line of the sighting apparatus when the latter 1s simllarly adjusted, a collimator having a scale corresponding to the scale of the sighting ap-' paratus, and a bearing in which said collimator is rotatable about an axis lymg 1n the same direction as its optical axis, said collimator bearing being detachably mounted on the carrier provided for said detachable sighting means in a position 1n wh1ch the optical axis of the collimator l1es 1n the direction fixed by the sightingdine of the sighting apparatus.

The foregoing speclficatlon signed at Essen, Germany, this 27th day of May, 1920.

HANS GOTTSMANN,. J OSEF OLBERTZ. 

